Tagged with php

OpenVZ and Amazon S3: how to solve the dreaded connection throttle failure

Sometimes we encounter odd application responses that seem to make no sense. One of these such issues is related to running virtual server instances (OS Containers not Para-Virtualized VMs) and attempting to back up their data to Amazon’s S3 cloud storage. For moderately sized virtual machines running MySQL databases or Python/PHP based websites and code repositories this can be an inexpensive, quickly provisioned, and easy way to provide disaster recovery backups in numerous geographic locations, since we generally want DR content to be located in a physically distant location. Nevertheless, we can encounter errors if using an S3 mount in a distance location from our server if the timezone/sync data is incorrect.

The commonly seen error is as follows – and it doesn’t give much information for troubleshooting and resolution.

WARNING: Upload failed:  ([Errno 32] Broken pipe)
WARNING: Retrying on lower speed (throttle=0.00)
WARNING: Waiting 3 sec...

The solution is seemingly unrelated to any network related or file-system settings on the virtual machine or the host server. It has to do with running S3 storage buckets in different time zones than your server and not having the system sync’d to NTP pools. So, the solution for Redhat/CentOS/Fedora/Scientific (for other Linuxes just replace the package management commands as needed):

First we have to enable the ability for the OpenVZ container to utilize NTP. Add the following line to your /etc/vz/conf/101.conf file (where 101 in this example is the ID of your own container, which you can find via the command “vzlist”).

CAPABILITY=" SYS_TIME:on"

Then restart the container(s) to get the setting to take and login to the container. You can either SSH or enter the container from the main host.

$ vzctl restart 101
$ vzctl enter 101

On the VM itself, install ntpdate package to be able to sync time data.

$ sudo yum install ntpdate

Sample ntp.conf file for NTP pool servers on CentOS 6.3. There are plenty of other configuration settings but these are the basics. This file goes on the VM server, not the host server.

$ sudo cat /etc/ntp.conf
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
restrict 127.0.0.1 
restrict -6 ::1
server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org
server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org
server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org
includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw
keys /etc/ntp/keys

Restart the ntpdate service on the VM to sync to the pool.

$ sudo service ntpdate restart
ntpdate: Synchronizing with time server:                   [  OK  ]

Add a cron job to the VM (either in /etc/crontab or via “crontab -e”) for automatic ability to sync the time every day.

# sync date/time with ntp pool
05 01 * * *	root /usr/sbin/ntpdate 2>&1 | /usr/bin/tee -a /var/log/messages

Now you can run S3 backups with throttling errors. Done and done. No more errors.

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[updated] Free book February returns – Get a copy of the InnoDB Quick Reference Guide

This month is a special month. It’s not because of President’s Day or even the exciting day where we revel in groundhogs. No, this month is special because the free book give-away is happening again. This is where you, the reader, gets to win something free for doing nothing more than posting a comment saying that you want a copy of my recently published book – The InnoDB Quick Reference Guide from Packt Publishing. The book is a great reference for DBAs, PHP, Python, or Perl programmers that integrate with MySQL and want to learn more about the InnoDB database engine.

So, all you have to do is post a comment here saying that you want a copy and write out a single (or more) sentence about how you use InnoDB in your development or production environment. At the end of the month two readers will be chosen via a random list sorting script that I’ve whipped up for just this purpose. You will then get an email from the publisher who will send a brand new e-copy of the book free of charge. It’s that simple. Free book February! Comment now!

Update:
Here are the winners of the book contest for the InnoDB Quick Reference Guide
Matthew Bigelow — who will be using the book during his upgrade of a medical services database architecture.
Erin O’Neill – who will be raffling the book at the upcoming http://www.sfmysql.org conference: register for the conference now and you’ll have a second chance to win a copy of the book!

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The InnoDB Quick Reference Guide is now available

I’m pleased to announce that my first book, the InnoDB Quick Reference Guide, is now available from Packt Publishing and you can download it by clicking here. It covers the most common topics of InnoDB usage in the enterprise, including: general overview of its use and benefits, detailed explanation of seventeen static variables and seven dynamic variables, load testing methodology, maintenance and monitoring, as well as troubleshooting and useful analytics for the engine. The current version of MySQL ships with InnoDB as the default table engine, so whether you program your MySQL enabled applications with PHP, Python, Perl or otherwise, you’ll likely benefit from this concise but comprehensive reference guide for InnoDB databases.

Here are the chapter overviews for reference:

  1. Getting Started with InnoDB: a quick overview of core terminology and initial setup of the testing environment.
  2. Basic Configuration Parameters: learn about the most common settings and prerequisites for performance tuning.
  3. Advanced Configuration Parameters: covers advanced settings that can make or break a high-perfomance installation of InnoDB.
  4. Load Testing InnoDB for Performance: learn all about general purpose InnoDB load testing as well as common methods for simulating production workloads.
  5. Maintenance and Monitoring: covers the important sections of InnoDB to monitor, tools to use, and processes that adhere to industry best practices.
  6. Troubleshooting InnoDB: learn all about identifying and solving common production issues that may arise.
  7. References and Links: informative data for further reading.
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